Kalimat aktif adalah kalimat yang apabila
subject-nya melakukan perkerjaan sedangkan kalimat pasif adalah kalimat yang
apabila subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan. Rumus kalimat passive Be Verb 3. Be akan
berubah mengikuti tenses-nya
Contoh:
Active sentence: Dina writes a novel
Keterangan: subject dari kalimat diatas—Dina—melakukan aktivitas
menulis
Passive sentence: A novel is written by Dina
Keterangan: subject dari kalimat di atas –sebuah novel—dikenai
aktivitas menulis
Aturan active dan
Passive sentence dalam kalimat
- Kata kerja yang hanya bisa diubah menjadi kalimat passive adalah kata kerja transitive sedangkan kata kerja intransitive tidak bisa diubah.
- Kalimat nominal yang verb-nya berupa be (contoh: I am a student) tidak bisa dipasifkan
- Beberapa kata kerja transitive tertentu (certain transitive verbs)
Contoh verb-nya
a.
Fit
b.
Have*
c.
Lack
d.
Resemble
e.
Suit
*Note: Verb “Have” secara struktur
tidak bisa di-passive-kan tetapi secara makna bisa di-passive-kan dengan
catatan menggunakan synonym verb-nya seperti belong to, possess atau own, jadi
kalimat diatas berubah menjadi:
a.
A nice house belongs to them
b.
A nice house is possessed by them
c.
A nice house is owned by them.
4. Kalimat passive juga berlaku pada Verb palsu
yang transitive, jika pada Verb palsu rumusnya adalah Be V3 maka Verb palsu
hanya Verb 3 saja. Perhatikan tabel berikut ini:
Verb transitive
|
Verb Intransitive
|
||
Verb Asli
|
Active
Sentence
|
Subject+Verb+Object
|
Subject+object+
(Adverb/Prep+object)
|
Passive
Sentence
|
Subject+Be+Verb
3
|
-
|
|
Verb Palsu
|
Active
Sentence
|
Noun+
Ving+Object
|
Ving +
(Adverb/Prep+object)
|
Passive
Sentence
|
Noun+V3
|
-
|
Contoh soal
1.
The man ….. a letter
a.
Received
b.
Receive
c.
Receiving
d.
To receiving
2.
A letter ……. As a gift
a.
Receive
b.
Received
c.
Is received
d.
Receiving
3.
Oil has many advantages….. in every continent
a.
Found
b.
Is found
c.
Finding
d.
Is finding
4.
Oil……. many advantages is found in every
continent
a.
Saved
b.
Is saved
c.
Saving
d.
Is saving
5.
Oil …….in every continent
a.
Found
b.
Is found
c.
Finds
d.
Is finding
6.
The man ……. At home built in 2011
a.
Lives
b.
Lived
c.
Was lived
d.
Living
Jawaban: 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B
6. B

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